Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been around for all of human history, and it is defined as a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that affects communication, social interaction and behavior, with symptoms typically appearing by age two. The theories on its origin have come and gone. Some say that it’s caused by Tylenol, while others blame the chemicals in our food. But the clearest and correct cause of ASD is genetics.
Autism is passed down in families, just like other mental illnesses, but what gene is responsible for this? UCLA has tackled this question, getting down to the bottom of the gene in parents that causes the development of autism spectrum disorder in their offspring. The Simons Powering Autism (or SPARK) research team is running and managing the study to identify the autism gene.
Using saliva samples from families with at least one person diagnosed with autism, the researchers are hunting for the gene that causes the disorder. Over the years, researchers found that roughly 20 percent of people with autism have de novo genetic variants that affect the function of the associated gene. Nearly 70 percent of this genetic contribution can be attributed to known autism or neurodevelopmental disorder genes.
This deeper understanding of ASD will help healthcare providers fully understand how autism affects a person’s life. This condition is a varied spectrum affecting about 3.2 of children in the US, according to estimates from CDC’s ADDM Network. More efficient identification can help us fully understand how to aid those with this disorder in their everyday lives.
Functionally, more effective treatments, such as the ones we have today, have only been possible due to scientific research from companies such as SPARK, which have been conducted with care and compassion. The genetic makeup of autistic individuals can help find better solutions for the problems they face in their lives.
Almost as important is the aid in early detection and intervention. When autistic individuals are supported early on, they have better chances of success later in life. Researchers have found that only 1,887 of ASD individuals, or 47% of the total study group, had received early intervention services. Children living in affluent areas were 80% more likely to receive early intervention services than children in disadvantaged areas, and black and Hispanic children were less likely than other children to receive these services. In theory, the findings of this study can help families better connect with the foundations, charities, and aid organizations.
The genetic research done by SPARK can help detect ASD even earlier. This can prepare parents before their children start showing symptoms and possibly before the child is even born.
The future of the ASD community is reliant on what we do now. Revolutionary studies such as these hold power. Misinformation is prominent in the history of all disorders, but especially with ASD. The more we know, the more it helps to dispel the longstanding myths and stereotypes associated with individuals with this condition.
